Umshini we-lathe ojwayelekileuhlobo lomshini we-lathe wendabuko ongenawo ukulawulwa kodwa owenziwe ngesandla. Unobubanzi bokusika futhi ungacubungula imigodi yangaphakathi, izindilinga zangaphandle, ubuso bokugcina, izindawo ezinciphile, ukuxubha, ukugoqa, imicu kanye nezindawo ezahlukahlukene ze-arc. Ama-lathe avamile uhlobo lwemishini ye-lathe esetshenziswa kakhulu, ebalelwa cishe ku-65% wenani eliphelele lomshini we-lathe. Abizwa ngokuthi ama-lathe avundlile ngoba ama-spindle awo abekwe ngokuvundlile.
Imisebenzi:
1. Ukujika kwesilinda sangaphandle, ukujika kwekhoni, ukujika kwendawo egobile, ukujika kwembobo yangaphakathi, ukujika kobuso bokuphela, ukusonta kanye nokunye ukukhanda;
2. Intambo ye-metric, intambo ye-intshi, intambo ye-modular, ukusika intambo ye-pitch;
3. Ukujika kwesithombe kanye nokushintshashintsha okude;
4. Ukubhoboza, ukubhoboza, ukujikijela kanye nokugoqa;
5. Ukujika kwesandla sobunxele kanye nokujika kwesandla sokudla;
6. Ngisho nokugaya nokugaya ngokunamathisela ukugaya nokugaya.
Izingxenye eziyinhloko zeimishini evamile: umbhede, i-headstock, ibhokisi lokuphakela, i-toolpost post, inqola, i-tailstock, kanye ne-motor.
Umbhede: Izingxenye eziyinhloko zeumshini we-lathezifakwe embhedeni, ukuze zigcine indawo eqondile ngesikhathi sokusebenza. Inqola kanye ne-tailstock ziyashelela phezu kombhede ocijile kahle.
I-Headstock:I-headstock ifakwe ngokuqinile embhedeni futhi ibamba zonke izindlela, kufaka phakathi izinhlobo ezahlukene kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwama-pulley noma amagiya. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukudlulisa ukunyakaza kokujikeleza kusuka ku-motor eyinhloko ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge lwezindlela zokushintsha isivinini ukuze i-main shaft ikwazi ukuthola isivinini esidingekayo esihlukile sokujikeleza phambili nangemuva, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-headstock ihlukanisa ingxenye yamandla ukuze idlulisele ukunyakaza ebhokisini lokuphakelayo. I-Headstock I-medium spindle iyingxenye ebalulekile ye-lathe. Ukushelela kwe-spindle esebenza ku-bearing kuthinta ngqo ikhwalithi yokucubungula yento yokusebenza. Uma ukunemba kokujikeleza kwe-spindle kuncishisiwe, inani lokusetshenziswa kwe-ithuluzi lomshinikuzoncishiswa.
Ibhokisi lokuphakelayo: Ibhokisi lokuphakelayo lifakwe indlela yokushintsha isivinini sokunyakaza kokudla. Lungisa indlela yokushintsha isivinini ukuze uthole inani lokuphakela elidingekayo noma iphimbo, bese udlulisela ukunyakaza kumnikazi wamathuluzi ngesikulufu esibushelelezi noma isikulufu se-lead sokusika. Isikulufu se-lead sisetshenziswa ngokukhethekile ekuphenduleni imicu eyahlukahlukene. Uma uphendula ezinye izindawo zomsebenzi, kusetshenziswa isikulufu esibushelelezi kuphela esikhundleni sesikulufu se-lead.
Isibambi samathuluzi: Isibambi samathuluzi sakhiwe ngezendlalelo eziningana zezinsika zamathuluzi. Umsebenzi waso ukubamba ithuluzi nokwenza ithuluzi lihambe ngobude, ngohlangothi noma ngokugobile.
I-Tailstock: Njengesikhungo sangemuva sokusekela ukubeka, ingafakwa namathuluzi okucubungula imigodi njengemishini yokubhoboza kanye nemishini yokulungisa imigodi.
izingxenye
I-chuck enemihlathi emithathu (yezinto zokusebenza ezisilinda)
i-chuck enemihlathi emine (yezinto zokusebenza ezingajwayelekile)
isici
Amathuluzi omshini avamilezinesakhiwo esilula, ukusebenza okulula, ububanzi obukhulu be-spindle, indawo encane, ukuguquguquka okukhulu kokucubungula, ukulungiswa okulula, ezifanele ukucutshungulwa kweqembu elincane kanye nokusebenza okubiza kakhulu.
Umbhede usebenzisa umbhede ohlanganisiwe onokuqina okuphezulu. Umshini ufakwe iphampu kawoyela ehlukile. Isilayidi, isibambi samathuluzi, kanye nesihlalo kungahamba ngokushesha. Leli thuluzi lomshini lingasebenzisa uhlelo lwe-GSK noma i-SIEMENS yokuzikhethela, uhlelo lokulawula izinombolo lwe-FANUC kanye nezinye izinhlelo zokulawula izinombolo ngokwezidingo zomsebenzisi, ezingenza ukusika okusheshayo, okuqinile nokuzinzile, ukunemba okuphezulu komshini kanye nokuhlela okulula.
Impo nangokuvundlileI-feed isebenzisa i-AC servo motor, kanti impendulo ye-pulse encoder isetshenziswa njengesici sempendulo. Ama-rails okuqondisa ukunyakaza aqonde phezulu naphezulu afakwa ekuqinisweni kwe-ultrasonic kanye nokwelashwa kokugaya okuhle. I-bed guide rail inamatheliswe nge-PTFE soft tape, futhi i-friction coefficient incane.
Injini eyinhloko isebenzisa imodi yokulawula isivinini esixubile yokulawula amandla kazibuthe kanye nokulawula amandla kagesi, ukuze yenze ukulawulwa kwesivinini okungenasinyathelo kwe-spindle.
Izinqubo zokusebenza
1. Ukuhlolwa ngaphambi kokuqala ukusebenza
1.1 Engeza amafutha afanele ngokweshadi lokugcoba lomshini.
1.2 Hlola ukuthi zonke izikhungo zikagesi, izibambo, izingxenye zokudlulisa, amadivayisi okuvikela kanye nomkhawulo aphelele, athembekile futhi ayaguquguquka.
1.3 Igiya ngalinye kufanele libe sesimweni se-zero, futhi ukuqina kwebhande kufanele kuhlangabezane nezidingo.
1.4 Akuvunyelwe ukugcina izinto zensimbi ngqo embhedeni, ukuze kungalimazi umbhede.
1.5 Umsebenzi ozocutshungulwa awunalo udaka nesihlabathi, uvimbela udaka nesihlabathi ukuthi lungawi emshinini futhi kuqede umzila wokuqondisa.
1.6 Ngaphambi kokuba i-workpiece iboshwe, kufanele kwenziwe umsebenzi wokuhlola imoto engenalutho, futhi i-workpiece ingalayishwa kuphela ngemva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kujwayelekile.
2. Inqubo yokusebenza
2.1 Ngemva kokufakwa kwento yokusebenza, qala iphampu kawoyela wokugcoba kuqala ukuze wenze umfutho kawoyela uhlangabezane nezidingo zethuluzi lomshini ngaphambi kokuqala.
2.2 Uma ulungisa i-rack yegiya lokushintshanisa, uma ulungisa isondo lokulenga, ugesi kumele unqunywe. Ngemva kokulungisa, wonke amabhawodi kumele aqiniswe, isikrufu kufanele sisuswe ngesikhathi, futhi umsebenzi kufanele unqanyulwe ukuze kusebenze ukuhlolwa.
2.3 Ngemva kokulayisha nokukhipha i-workpiece, i-chuck wrench kanye nezingxenye ezintantayo ze-workpiece kufanele zisuswe ngokushesha.
2.4 I-tailstock, isibambo se-crank, njll. sethuluzi lomshini kufanele silungiswe sibe sezindaweni ezifanele ngokwezidingo zokucubungula, futhi kufanele siqiniswe noma siboshwe.
2.5 Izinto zokusebenza, amathuluzi kanye nezinto ezisetshenziswayo kumele zifakwe ngokuphephile. Ithuluzi lamandla elintantayo kumele lelule ingxenye ye-lead-in ibe yi-workpiece ngaphambi kokuqala ithuluzi lomshini.
2.6 Uma usebenzisa indawo yokuphumula ephakathi noma indawo yokuphumula yamathuluzi, indawo ephakathi kumele ilungiswe kahle, futhi kumele kube nokugcotshwa okuhle kanye nezindawo zokuthinta ezisekelayo.
2.7 Uma kucutshungulwa izinto ezinde, ingxenye ephumayo ngemuva komgodi oyinhloko akufanele ibe yinde kakhulu.
2.8 Uma upha ummese ukudla, ummese kufanele usondele kancane emsebenzini ukuze ugweme ukushayisana; ijubane lenqola kufanele lifane. Uma ushintsha ithuluzi, ithuluzi kanye nomsebenzi kumele kugcinwe kude.
2.9 Ithuluzi lokusika kumele liqiniswe, futhi ubude besandiso sethuluzi lokujika ngokuvamile abudluli izikhathi ezingu-2.5 ubukhulu bethuluzi.
2.1.0 Lapho kucutshungulwa izingxenye ezingavamile, kumele kube nokulingana okufanele ukuze kulinganiswe isikhungo samandla adonsela phansi se-chuck, futhi ijubane lemoto kufanele lifanele.
2.1.1. Kumelwe kube nezinyathelo zokuvikela umsebenzi osike wadlula i-fuselage.
2.1.2 Ukulungiswa kwesethingi yamathuluzi kumele kube kancane. Uma isihloko samathuluzi siqhele ngama-40-60 mm ukusuka engxenyeni yokucubungula yento yokusebenza, kufanele kusetshenziswe ukudla okwenziwa ngesandla noma okusebenzayo esikhundleni salokho, futhi ukudla okusheshayo akuvunyelwe ukubandakanya ithuluzi ngqo.
2.1.3 Uma upholisha ingxenye yokusebenza ngefayela, isibambi samathuluzi kufanele sibuyiselwe endaweni ephephile, bese umqhubi kufanele abheke i-chuck, isandla sokudla singaphambili nesandla sobunxele ngemuva. Kukhona indlela yokhiye ebusweni, futhi akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa ifayela ukucubungula ingxenye yokusebenza ngembobo eyisikwele.
2.1.4 Uma upholisha indilinga engaphandle yento yokusebenza ngendwangu ye-emery, umqhubi kufanele abambe iziphetho ezimbili zendwangu ye-emery ngezandla zombili ukuze apholise ngokwesimo esichazwe esihlokweni esandulele. Akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa iminwe yakho ukubamba indwangu ekrwada ukuze apholise imbobo engaphakathi.
2.1.5 Ngesikhathi sokuphakelwa ngommese okuzenzakalelayo, isibambi sommese esincane kufanele silungiswe ukuze sihambisane nesisekelo ukuvimbela isisekelo ukuthi singathinti i-chuck.
2.1.6 Uma usika izinto zokusebenza ezinkulu nezisindayo noma izinto zokwakha, kufanele kugcinwe isabelo esanele somshini wokugaya.
3. Ukusebenza kokupaka
3.1 Nquma ugesi bese ususa umsebenzi.
3.2 Izibambo zengxenye ngayinye ziwiswa phansi zize zibe yi-zero, bese kubalwa futhi kuhlanzwe amathuluzi.
3.3 Hlola isimo sedivayisi ngayinye yokuvikela.
4. Izinyathelo zokuphepha ngesikhathi sokusebenza
4.1 Akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukuthi abantu abangebona abasebenzi basebenzise umshini.
4.2 Akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukuthinta ithuluzi, ingxenye ejikelezayo yethuluzi lomshini noma ingxenye yokusebenza ejikelezayo ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
4.3 Akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa i-emergency stop. Uma kwenzeka isimo esiphuthumayo, ngemva kokusebenzisa le nkinobho ukuze uyeke, kufanele ihlolwe futhi ngokwemigomo ngaphambi kokuqala ithuluzi lomshini.
4.4 Akuvunyelwe ukunyathela phezu kwesitimela esiqondisayo, induku yesikulufu, induku epholishiwe, njll. ye-lathe. Ngaphandle kwemithethonqubo, akuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa isibambo ngezinyawo esikhundleni sezandla.
4.5 Ezingxenyeni ezinama-blister, izimbobo ezinciphayo noma imigwaqo emikhulu odongeni olungaphakathi, ama-scraper angunxantathu awavunyelwe ukusika izimbobo ezingaphakathi.
4.6 Umoya ocindezelwe noma umfutho woketshezi we-hydraulic chuck yangemuva ye-pneumatic kumele ufinyelele inani elibekiwe ngaphambi kokuba usetshenziswe.
4.7 Uma uphendula izinto zokusebenza ezincane, lapho ubude obuphumayo bezinhlangothi ezimbili zangaphambili zekhanda lombhede bungaphezu kokuphindwe kane ububanzi, isikhungo kufanele sisetshenziswe ngokwemigomo yenqubo. Ukusekela ukuphumula noma ukusekela ukuphumula kwesithende. Iziqaphi nezimpawu zesixwayiso kufanele zengezwe uma ziphuma ngemuva kwekhanda lombhede.
4.8 Uma usika izinsimbi eziqhekeka kalula noma ukusika okuchaphazeka kalula (kufaka phakathi ukugaya), kufanele kufakwe ama-baffle avikelayo, futhi opharetha kufanele bagqoke izibuko ezivikelayo.
okunye
Ngokuthandwa kweUmshini wokugaya we-CNC，imishini eminingi yokwenza izinto ngokuzenzakalela iyavela emakethe.Ama-lathe endabukozinezinzuzo zazo ezingenakuguqulwa futhi ziseyimishini edingekayo ezitshalweni eziningi zokucubungula.
1. Amathuluzi omshini avamilezingabizi kakhulu
Izindleko zokuthenga zeAma-lathe e-CNCkubiza kakhulu izikhathi eziningana kunezokwejwayelekile i-lathe enamandla afanayo, kanti izindleko zokugcina, ukulungisa, izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezisekelayo kanye nezinye izindleko nazo ziphakeme kakhulu kunayo.
2. Ilungele kakhulu imishini emincane
Uma kudingeka ukuthi kube namaqoqo amancane kuphela ezinto zokusebenza ezisetshenziswayo，izisebenzi eziningi ezinekhono zingayisebenza ngemishini ngamathuluzi omshini avamile anemidwebo yezingxenye.
3. Amaholo aphezulu abahleli bezinhlelo ze-CNC kanye namathalente ambalwa
Abahleli bezinhlelo ze-CNC bavame ukudinga amaholo aphezulu, futhi kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlelo ze-CNC. Kusobala ukuthi kunzima kakhulu ukuthola umqhubi onekhono ku-Amathuluzi omshini we-CNCkunomuntu osebenza ngamathuluzi omshini ojwayelekile.
4. Mayelana nezindleko zokufaka zebhizinisi
Uma kucatshangelwa ukuhwebelana kwemali kwamabhizinisi kanye nokusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwemishini, amabhizinisi amaningi aqhubeka nokukhiqizaumshini ojwayelekileamathuluzi.
Sekukonke, yize ukukhiqizwa kwe-CNC sekuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni komkhakha wokukhiqiza, amathuluzi omshini avamile asenezinzuzo zawo ezihlukile endabeni yokwanda kwemishini ehlakaniphile. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuhlakani beAmathuluzi omshini we-CNCesikhathini esizayo, amathuluzi omshini avamile angase ashintshwe ngezinga elikhulu, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuwaqeda ngokuphelele.
| IMODELI | CW61(2)63E | CW61(2)80E | CW61(2)100E | CW61(2)120E | I-CWA61100 |
| AMAKHONO | |||||
| Ukujikijela okukhulu phezu kombhede | 630mm | 800mm | 1000mm | 1200mm | 1000mm |
| Isilayidi esiwela phezulu kakhulu | 350mm | 485mm | 685mm | 800mm | 620mm |
| Ubude obukhulu bokujika | 750,1250,1750,2750,3750,4750,5750,7750,9750,11750mm | 1.5m 2m 3m 4m 5m 6m 8m 10m 12m | |||
| Ukushintshashintsha okukhulu phezu kwegebe | 830mm | 1000mm | 1200mm | 1400mm | 780mm |
| Ubude obuvumelekile besikhala | 230m | 8T | |||
| Ububanzi bombhede | 550mm | ||||
| IKHANDA-STOCK | Φ130mm | ||||
| Umgodi we-spindle | 105mm NOMA 130mm (OKUNGAKUTHANDA KU-CW6180E+) | I-Metric140# | |||
| Impumulo yespindle | D-11 noma C-11 | 3.15-315r/min noma 2.5-250r/min | |||
| I-spindle taper | I-Φ120mm taper1:20(Φ140, ONGAKHETHA KU-CW6180+) | Phambili 21izinhlobo，Ukuguqulwa12izinhlobo | |||
| Isivinini se-spindle (Inombolo) | 14-750RPM (IZINYATHELO EZIYI-18) | ||||
| Ibhokisi Legiya - Imicu Neziphakeli | 44izinhlobo 1-120mm | ||||
| Ububanzi bemicu ye-metric (izinhlobo) | 1-240mm (izinhlobo ezingu-54) | Izinhlobo ezingu-31 1/4-24 T/I | |||
| Imicu ye-intshi ijikeleza (Izinhlobo) | 28-1 intshi (izinhlobo ezingu-36) | 45izinhlobo 0.5-60mm | |||
| Uhla lwemicu ye-Moudle (izinhlobo) | 0.5-60 DP (izinhlobo ezingu-27) | 38izinhlobo 1/2-56DP | |||
| Ububanzi bemicu eyisicaba (izinhlobo) | 30-1 tpi (izinhlobo ezingu-27) | Izinhlobo ezingama-56 0.1-12mm | |||
| Uhla lokuphakelwa kwe-Longtudinal (izinhlobo) | 0.048-24.3mm/r (izinhlobo ezingu-72) | 56izinhlobo 0.05-6mm | |||
| Uhla lokuphakelayo oluphambene (izinhlobo) | 0.024-12.15mm/r (izinhlobo ezingu-72) | 3400mm/min, 1700mm/min | |||
| Ukudla okusheshayo: Okude./Okuphambeneyo | 4/2m/min | ||||
| Usayizi wesikulufu sokusika: Ububanzi/Iphimbo | T48mm/12mm NOMA T55mm/12mm (kwabangu-5M+) | 48mm | |||
| ISITHUTHI | 45*45mm | ||||
| Ukuhamba ngesilayidi esinqamulayo | 350mm | 420mm | 520mm | ||
| Uhambo lokuphumula oluhlanganisiwe | 200mm | 650mm | |||
| Usayizi we-shank yamathuluzi | 32*32mm | 280mm | |||
| I-TAILSTOCK | |||||
| Ububanzi be-spindle | 100mm | 120mm | Φ160mm | ||
| I-spindle taper | UMORSE #6 | I-Metric 80# | |||
| Ukuhamba nge-spindle | 240mm | 300mm | |||
| IMOTO | |||||
| Injini yokushayela eyinhloko | 11kw | 22kw | |||
| Injini yepompo yokupholisa | 0.09kw | 0.15kw | |||
| Injini yokuphakela okusheshayo | 1.1kw | 1.5kw | |||
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-14-2022