Funda ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani uhla lwe-spindle olulungile futhi uqinisekise ukuthi eyakhoCNC Machining Centernoma isikhungo sokujika sisebenzisa umjikelezo olungiselelwe. #cnctechtalk
Ukuthi usebenzisa i-aUmshini wokugaya we-CNCngethuluzi elijikelezayo lokuphotha noma aI-CNC lathenge-spindle workpiece ejikelezayo, amathuluzi omshini we-CNC amakhulu anezigaba eziningi zokuphotha. Ibanga eliphansi lokuphotha linikeza amandla engeziwe, kuyilapho ububanzi obuphakeme buhlinzeka ngesivinini esiphezulu. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umshini uqedwa ngaphakathi kwebanga elifanele lejubane lokuphotha ukuze kuzuzwe ukukhiqiza okungcono kakhulu. Nawa amathiphu amahlanu okukhetha ibanga elilungile:
Abakhiqizi bamathuluzi omshini bashicilela izici zokuphotha emabhukwini abo okusebenza. Lapho uzothola ubuncane nobukhulu be-rpm kububanzi ngalunye, kanye namandla alindelekile kulo lonke uhla lwe-rpm.
Uma ungakaze ufunde le datha ebalulekile, isikhathi sakho somjikelezo cishe asilungiswanga. Ukwenza izinto zibe zimbi nakakhulu, ungase ubeke ingcindezi enkulu ku-spindle motor yomshini, noma uyimise. Ukufunda imanuwali nokuqonda izici ze-spindle kungakusiza uthuthukise ukukhiqiza komshini wakho.
Okungenani kunezinhlelo ezimbili zokushintsha uhla lokuphotha: enye iyisistimu ene-multi-winding spindle drive motor, kanti enye iyisistimu ene-mechanical drive.
Owokuqala ushintsha uhla ngogesi ngokushintsha ama-motor windings awasebenzisayo. Lezi zinguquko zicishe zivele ngokushesha.
Isistimu enomshini wokudlulisa imishini ngokuvamile ishayela ngokuqondile ebangeni layo eliphakeme kakhulu futhi ibandakanya ukudluliselwa ebangeni eliphansi. Ushintsho lwebanga lungathatha amasekhondi ambalwa, ikakhulukazi uma i-spindle kufanele ime phakathi nenqubo.
Ku-CNC, ukushintshwa kobubanzi bokuphotha kubonakala ngandlela thile, ngenxa yokuthi ijubane lokuphotha licaciswa ngo-rpm, futhi igama elithi S lejubane elishiwo lizokwenza umshini ukhethe ububanzi obufanele bokuphotha. Cabanga ukuthi uhla lwejubane eliphansi lomshini luyi-20-1,500 rpm, futhi ububanzi besivinini esikhulu ngu-1,501-4,000 rpm. Uma ucacise igama elithi S300, umshini uzokhetha ibanga eliphansi. Igama elithi S2000 lizokwenza umshini ukhethe uhla oluphezulu.
Okokuqala, uhlelo lungabangela izinguquko ezingadingekile kububanzi phakathi kwamathuluzi. Ngokudlulisa ngomshini, lokhu kuzonyusa isikhathi somjikelezo, kodwa kungase kunganakwa ngoba kubonakala kuphela lapho amanye amathuluzi ethatha isikhathi eside ukushintsha kunamanye. Amathuluzi asebenzayo adinga ububanzi obufanayo ngokulandelana azonciphisa isikhathi somjikelezo.
Okwesibili, ukubala kwesivinini sokuphotha kwe-spindle rpm kokusebenza okunamandla kungase kubeke i-spindle ekugcineni okuphansi kobubanzi obuphezulu bokuphotha, lapho amandla elinganiselwe. Lokhu kuzofaka ingcindezi eyeqile ohlelweni lwe-spindle drive noma kubangele ukuthi injini yokuphotha imile. Umklami onolwazi uzonciphisa kancane isivinini se-spindle futhi akhethe isivinini esiphezulu ebangeni eliphansi, lapho kunamandla anele okwenza umsebenzi womshini.
Esikhungweni sokujika, ukuguqulwa kobubanzi bokuphotha kwenziwa ngekhodi engu-M, futhi ububanzi obuphakeme ngokuvamile budlulela nobubanzi obuphansi. Ukuze uthole isikhungo sokujika esinobubanzi obunama-spindle amathathu, igiya eliphansi lingase lihambisane ne-M41 futhi ijubane liyi-30-1,400 rpm, igiya eliphakathi lingase lihambisane ne-M42, futhi ijubane liyi-40-2800 rpm, futhi igiya eliphezulu lingahambisana. ku-M43 futhi isivinini singu-45-4,500 rpm.
Lokhu kusebenza kuphela ezikhungweni eziphendukayo nemisebenzi esebenzisa isivinini esingaguquki esingaphezulu. Uma isivinini esiphezulu singashintshi, i-CNC izoqhubeka ikhetha isivinini (rpm) ngokuya ngesivinini esibekiwe (izinyawo noma m/min) kanye nobubanzi obucutshungulwayo njengamanje.
Uma usetha i-feedrate per revolution, isivinini sokuphotha sihambisana ngokuphambene nesikhathi. Uma ukwazi ukuphinda kabili isivinini sokuphotha, isikhathi esidingekayo ekusebenzeni komshini okuhlobene sizonqanyulwa phakathi.
Umthetho odumile wokukhetha ibanga lokuphotha wukugoqa ebangeni eliphansi futhi uqedele ebangeni eliphezulu. Nakuba lokhu kuwumthetho omuhle wesithupha wokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-spindle inamandla anele, ayenzi kahle uma ucabangela isivinini.
Cabangela i-workpiece yobubanzi obuyi-intshi engu-1 okufanele iguqulwe ibe nzima futhi iguqulwe kahle. Ijubane elinconyiwe lethuluzi lokugoqa ngu-500 sfm. Ngisho nobukhulu obukhulu (i-intshi engu-1), izokhiqiza i-1,910 rpm (3.82 izikhathi ezingu-500 ihlukaniswe ngo-1). I-diameter encane izodinga isivinini esiphezulu. Uma umhleli ekhetha ububanzi obuphansi ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho, i-spindle izofinyelela umkhawulo ongu-1,400 rpm. Uma kucatshangwa ukuthi unamandla anele, umsebenzi wokugoqa uzoqedwa ngokushesha ebangeni eliphezulu.
Lokhu kusebenza kuphela ezikhungweni eziphendukayo kanye nemisebenzi eguquguqukayo edinga isivinini esingaguquki sangaphezulu. Cabangela ukujika okungalungile kweshafu yobubanzi obungu-4 intshi enobubanzi obuhlukahlukene, obuncane kunabo bonke obuyiyintshi elingu-1. Cabanga ukuthi ijubane elinconyiwe ngu-800 sfm. Kuma-intshi angu-4, ijubane elidingekayo lingu-764 rpm. Ububanzi obuphansi buzohlinzeka ngamandla adingekayo.
Njengoba ukuqhuma kuqhubeka, ububanzi buba buncane futhi isivinini siyanda. Kuma-intshi angu-2.125, umshini ophelele udinga ukudlula u-1,400 rpm, kodwa i-spindle izofika phezulu ebangeni eliphansi le-1,400 rpm, futhi inqubo ngayinye eqhubekayo yokugoqa izothatha isikhathi eside kunalokho okufanele ibe njalo. Kungaba ukuhlakanipha ukushintshela ebangeni eliphakathi ngalesi sikhathi, ikakhulukazi uma ukuguqulwa kobubanzi kwenzeka ngokushesha.
Uma uhlelo lungena emshinini, noma nini elondolozwe ngokweqa ukulungiselelwa kokuhlela kungalahleka kalula. Sicela ulandele izinyathelo ezingezansi ukuze uqinisekise impumelelo.
Amapharamitha atshela i-CNC yonke imininingwane yethuluzi lomshini elithile elisetshenziswayo nokuthi zisetshenziswa kanjani zonke izici nemisebenzi ye-CNC.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-24-2021